南京农业大学学者联合发表Nature子刊:发现硒摄入过高可增加糖尿病风险!

近日，国际顶级期刊《Nature》子刊（Nature Health）刊发了由南京农业大学、东南大学、阿德莱德大学、夏里特大学、昆士兰大学及其相关科研研究所、实验室等16位学者联合发表的论文：Dietary selenium from soil micronutrients and risk of incident type 2 diabetes.

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标题

Dietary selenium from soil micronutrients and risk of incident type 2 diabetes

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摘要

Case numbers of metabolic diseases such as diabetes and hyperlipidaemia are increasing worldwide and show geographic heterogeneity, but the role of environmental geography in shaping this pattern is poorly defined. Here we integrate large multi-region cohorts in China (n = 3,648 cross-sectional; n = 1,547 prospective) with high-resolution soil trace-element data to test whether geography shapes levels of dietary ions and risk of metabolic disease. We observe geographic variations in levels of serum and urinary trace elements, with selenium, zinc and chromium linked to metabolic outcomes. Soil selenium was a predictor of serum selenium in participants even after incorporating regional dietary, socioeconomic and air-quality indicators. In a prospective cohort, participants in the highest serum selenium tertile (107.2–162.8 µg l⁻¹) had a 35% higher risk of incident diabetes than those in the lowest tertile (relative risk (RR) = 1.35; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.02–1.77) after multivariable and dietary adjustment; the association was significant in men (RR = 1.96; 95% CI = 1.21–3.17), but not in women (RR = 1.10; 95% CI = 0.77–1.58). Globally, an estimated 14% of land area—home to approximately 1 billion people—has high soil selenium, with residents projected to have serum selenium levels above 110 µg l⁻¹, a range in which selenium supplementation could increase diabetes risk.

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