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ES&T | 南京大学刘福强/哈工大白郎明:基于反应性纳米纤维“混合初生层”策略,突破纳滤膜渗透性-选择性博弈

  • 2026-03-22 15:32:11
ES&T | 南京大学刘福强/哈工大白郎明:基于反应性纳米纤维“混合初生层”策略,突破纳滤膜渗透性-选择性博弈

文章信息

题目: Mixed Nascent Layer Based on Reactive Nanofiber to Regulate High-Performance Nanofiltration Membranes

期刊: Environmental Science & Technology

DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5c15464 

作者: Zhiwei Wang, Sunxinyi Wang, Xiaoming Xu, Yuxuan Chen, Yuhan Wang, Xuesong Yi, Zihui Wang* (山东建筑大学), Langming Bai* (哈尔滨工业大学), Fuqiang Liu* (南京大学/海南大学) 

摘要/导读: 

近日,南京大学刘福强教授团队与哈尔滨工业大学白郎明副教授合作,在环境领域顶级期刊 《Environmental Science & Technology》 上发表题为“Mixed Nascent Layer Based on Reactive Nanofiber to Regulate High-Performance Nanofiltration Membranes”的研究论文。

该研究提出了一种基于接枝哌嗪的羧基化纤维素纳米纤维(P-CNF)的反应性中间层策略。P-CNF通过参与界面聚合反应,构建了具有限域效应的“混合初生层”(Mixed Nascent Layer, MNL)。这一结构有效调控了胺单体的扩散,诱导形成了厚度仅为 20.2 nm 的超薄、高交联度聚酰胺选择层。所制备的膜展现出高达 155.4 的 Cl⁻/SO₄²⁻ 选择性及优异的水渗透性,为解决传统纳滤膜“渗透性-选择性”博弈难题提供了新思路 。

Figure 1. Fabrication of P-CNF-PA membrane and characterization of P-CNF/C-CNF. (a) Schematic illustration of fabrication process of P-CNF-PA membrane. (b) AFM image of P-CNF in assembled states. Inset: The Tyndall effect of well-dispersed P-CNF dispersion. (c) AFM image of P-CNF in dispersed states and corresponding diameters measured by NanoScope. (d) WCA of PES, C-CNF/PES, and P-CNF/PES substrates. (e) FTIR spectra, (f) XPS spectra, and (g) O 1s high-resolution spectrum of C-CNF and P-CNF.

图 1. P-CNF-PA 膜的制备及 P-CNF/C-CNF 的表征。(a) P-CNF-PA 膜制备过程示意图 。(b) 组装状态下 P-CNF 的 AFM 图像;插图为分散良好的 P-CNF 分散液的丁达尔效应 。(c) 分散状态下 P-CNF 的 AFM 图像及 NanoScope 测量的对应直径 。(d) PES、C-CNF/PES 和 P-CNF/PES 基底的水接触角(WCA)。(e) FTIR 光谱,(f) XPS 光谱,以及 (g) C-CNF 和 P-CNF 的 O 1s 高分辨率光谱

Figure 2. Characterization of TFC, C-CNF-PA, and P-CNF-PA membranes. (a) SEM images and (b) TEM cross-section images of C-CNF-PA and P-CNF-PA membranes. (c) O/N ratio and cross-linking degree, (d) WCA, (e) PEG rejection curves, and (f) pore radius distribution curves of TFC, C-CNF-PA, and P-CNF-PA membranes. (g) Probability density function of the PALS of C-CNF-PA and P-CNF-PA membranes.

图 2. TFC、C-CNF-PA 和 P-CNF-PA 膜的表征。(a) C-CNF-PA 和 P-CNF-PA 膜的 SEM 图像及 (b) TEM 截面图像 。(c) TFC、C-CNF-PA 和 P-CNF-PA 膜的 O/N 比和交联度,(d) 水接触角,(e) PEG 截留曲线,以及 (f) 孔半径分布曲线 。(g) C-CNF-PA 和 P-CNF-PA 膜的正电子湮没寿命谱(PALS)概率密度函数 。

Figure 3. Characterization of MNL. (a) AFM image of P-CNF before TMC addition. (b) AFM image of P-CNF after TMC addition. (c) Three-dimensional schematic diagram of P-CNF-PA membrane with etching at different depths. (d) Group occupancy, O/N ratio and cross-linking degree at different etching depths of P-CNF-PA membrane

图 3. 混合初生层(MNL)的表征。(a) 添加 TMC 前 P-CNF 的 AFM 图像 。(b) 添加 TMC 后 P-CNF 的 AFM 图像 。(c) 不同深度刻蚀下 P-CNF-PA 膜的三维示意图 。(d) P-CNF-PA 膜在不同刻蚀深度的基团占有率、O/N 比及交联度

Figure 4. MD simulation of LNL and MNL in IP. (a) Snapshots of the simulation system in its initial and final states. The left chamber contains the hexane phase, while the right chamber comprises the aqueous phase with PIP overlying either a LNL or MNL interlayer. (b) Time dependence of the MSD curves of PIP in the LNL model and MNL model. (c)Numbers of PIP and (d) numbers of hydrogen bonds among PIP in the LNL and MNL models. (e, f) Molecular number density profiles for the (e) LNL and (f) MNL model. (g, h) Time-dependent RDF between the PIP N, water H, and the O of the nascent layer in the (g) LNL and (h) MNL models.

图 4. 界面聚合(IP)中疏松初生层(LNL)和混合初生层(MNL)的分子动力学(MD)模拟。(a) 模拟系统在初始和最终状态下的快照 。左侧腔室包含正己烷相,右侧腔室包含水相,其中 PIP 覆盖在 LNL 或 MNL 中间层上 。(b) LNL 模型和 MNL 模型中 PIP 的均方位移(MSD)曲线随时间的变化 。(c) LNL 和 MNL 模型中 PIP 的数量以及 (d) PIP 之间氢键的数量 。(e, f) (e) LNL 和 (f) MNL 模型的分子数密度分布 。(g, h) (g) LNL 和 (h) MNL 模型中 PIP 的 N、水的 H 与初生层的 O 之间随时间变化的径向分布函数(RDF)

Figure 5. Separation performance and antifouling performance of membranes. (a) Inorganic salt rejections (Na 2 SO 4 , MgSO 4, CaSO 4 , MgCl 2, CaCl2 and NaCl) at a salt concentration of 1000 mg L −1 . (b) Cl /SO 42− separation capacities at a salt concentration of 1000 mg L −1 (Cl /SO 42− mass ratio of 1:1). (c) Performance comparison with commercial and reported membranes. (d) Time-dependent variation of membrane permeation flux during the fouling-recovery process by using BSA or HA as the model foulants(concentration: 100 mg L −1). (e) Permeation selectivity at various operating pressure. (f) Rejection of OMPs at a concentration of 1 mg L −1, including indomethacin, bezafibrate, enrofloxacin, amoxicillin, amisulpride, and fluoxetine

图 5. 膜的分离性能与抗污染性能。(a) 盐浓度为 1000 mg L−1 时的无机盐截留率 。(b) 盐浓度为 1000 mg L−1 时的 Cl−/SO42− 分离能力(质量比为 1:1)。(c) 与商业膜及已报道膜的性能对比 。(d) 使用 BSA 或 HA 作为模型污染物在污染-恢复过程中膜渗透通量随时间的变化 。(e) 不同操作压力下的渗透选择性 。(f) 浓度为 1 mg L−1时对多种有机微污染物(OMPs)的截留率 。

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  1. CONNECT:[ UseTime:0.000422s ] mysql:host=127.0.0.1;port=3306;dbname=b460;charset=utf8mb4
  2. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `fenlei` [ RunTime:0.000521s ]
  3. SELECT * FROM `fenlei` WHERE `fid` = 0 [ RunTime:0.000250s ]
  4. SELECT * FROM `fenlei` WHERE `fid` = 63 [ RunTime:0.000301s ]
  5. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `set` [ RunTime:0.000498s ]
  6. SELECT * FROM `set` [ RunTime:0.000198s ]
  7. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `article` [ RunTime:0.000551s ]
  8. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` = 483389 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.003045s ]
  9. UPDATE `article` SET `lasttime` = 1775475836 WHERE `id` = 483389 [ RunTime:0.000444s ]
  10. SELECT * FROM `fenlei` WHERE `id` = 65 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000274s ]
  11. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` < 483389 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.002524s ]
  12. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` > 483389 ORDER BY `id` ASC LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.001011s ]
  13. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` < 483389 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 10 [ RunTime:0.001041s ]
  14. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` < 483389 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 10,10 [ RunTime:0.028808s ]
  15. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` < 483389 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 20,10 [ RunTime:0.033226s ]
0.141474s