南京邮电大学赖文勇等:用于高性能锂金属电池的新兴Janus/梯度负极结构
- 2026-05-29 20:06:52
南京邮电大学赖文勇等:用于高性能锂金属电池的新兴Janus/梯度负极结构
1) 与传统三维集流体不同，这些结构具有非对称或梯度特性——如亲锂性、导电性或孔隙率——能够实现自下而上的沉积和高效的空间利用。 2) 关键主题包括亲锂-疏锂Janus结构、导电率梯度框架和双梯度构型，这些设计共同提升了库伦效率、循环寿命和安全性。 3) 最后，本文展望了未来研究方向，强调了Janus/梯度负极在高能量密度和长寿命锂金属电池应用中的潜力。 
Figure 1.Systematic framework of emerging Janus/gradient anode structures for high-performance LMBs. 
Figure 2.Structures and properties of conventional 3D-CC structures. (a) Schematic of Li stripping/plating on Li/2D Cu film and Li/3D Cu mesh. (b) CE tests based on planar Cu foil and Cu mesh. (c) Schematic of Li deposition on planar and 3D CCs. (d) Symmetric-cell tests based on planar Cu and 3D Cu. (e) Fabrication process of 3D Cu mesh. (f) CEs of planar Cu and 3D Cu mesh. (g) Schematic of electroplating ZnO on Cu foam. (h) Symmetric-cell performances at 1 mA cm−2. 
Figure 3.Janus anode structures. (a) Schematic of the preparation of the Janus conductive textile. (b) Cross-sectional SEM image of the Janus Li anode. (c) Schematic of the preparation of the Li/AuCF anode. (d) Schematic of bottom-up deposition of Li metal by using the inverted anode structure. (e) Li-plating behavior on the CuSnAl@Cu foam. (f) Schematic of CFC-GO preparation and Li deposition in CFC and CFC-GO. (g) CEs of CFC||Li and CFC-GO||Li half-cells. 
Figure 4.Conductivity gradient structures. (a) Schematic of the preparation of the gradient composite film. (b) Simulation of the concentration distribution of Li+ for the carbon fibers (left) and the gradient composite film (right). (c) Rate performance of full cells. (d) Schematic of Li deposition on carbon cloth and SiC/carbon cloth. (e) Cross-sectional SEM images of a SiC/carbon cloth. (f) Schematic of Li deposition behavior on LNO-CGH. (g) Schematic of Li deposition behavior on poly/Cu mesh/Au. (h) Li-plating/stripping process based on poly/Cu mesh/Au. 【作者简介】 Dongdong Li(李东东) received his PhD degree from Southeast University in 2015. Then, he joined the Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications. From 2019 to 2020, he conducted his postdoctoral research at the Hong Kong Polytechnic University. His research interests include printed electronic materials and devices, flexible electrochemical energy storage devices, and flexible wearable electronic materials and devices. Wen-Yong Lai(赖文勇) is a full professor at the State Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (LoFE), IAM, Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications. He received his PhD degree from Fudan University in 2007. His research mainly focuses on the design, synthesis, and application of organic and polymer optoelectronic materials for organic/plastic electronics, as well as the exploration of novel materials and processes for printed electronics and flexible electronics. 
Dongdong Li, Yanan Sun, Hao Liu, Hai Pan, Qi Sun, Shengchen Yang, Wen-Yong Lai. Emerging Janus/gradient anode structures for high-performance lithium-metal batteries. Sci. China Mater. (2026).
锂枝晶的不可控生长被认为是高能锂金属电池在未来多场景应用中所面临的关键挑战。新兴的Janus/梯度负极结构为解决锂金属电池中锂枝晶生长和体积波动的持续难题提供了变革性的进展。
近日，南京邮电大学赖文勇教授等在Science China Materials发表综述论文，系统总结了Janus和梯度负极结构的设计原则、工作机制及最新研究进展，重点阐述了其在引导均匀锂沉积和增强界面稳定性方面的创新作用。
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https://doi.org/10.1007/s40843-025-4099-2
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