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南京博物院——艾启蒙·清·乾隆《八骏图》

  • 2026-04-29 09:32:52
南京博物院——艾启蒙·清·乾隆《八骏图》

南京博物院——艾启蒙·清·乾隆《八骏图》

艾启蒙《八骏图》：中西合璧的宫廷名马图

一、作品基本信息
1.作者：艾启蒙（Ignaz Sichelbarth，1708–1780），波希米亚（今捷克）人，乾隆朝宫廷“四洋画家”之一，师从郎世宁，供职如意馆。

2.创作背景：为乾隆皇帝绘制的中亚等地进贡的八匹罕见名马，是其写实性代表作品。

3.现藏地点：南京博物院（原为清宫旧藏，后随文物南迁）。

二、八匹骏马之名
1. 翰如骆
2. 曦驭黄
3. 苍艾骐
4. 掣电骍
5. 蹑云骆
6. 飞霞骝
7. 同吉黄
8. 炯星骝

三、艺术特点
1. 中西合璧技法：
(1）采用西洋绘画的焦点透视、明暗光影，精准表现马匹的肌肉结构与立体感。

(2）结合中国工笔重彩的细腻线条与设色，使画面兼具写实性与东方审美。

2. 写实尺度惊人：
(1）每匹马的尺寸与真马等大，单幅画轴巨大，整体气势恢宏；

(2）马匹神形各异，或静立、或昂首，细节如鬃毛、蹄铁都刻画入微，体现了高超的写生能力。

我看的第一眼，就觉得马的眼睛不仅逼真至极，还非常干净透亮。

3. 宫廷御览属性：
(1）绢本设色，画面钤有“乾隆御览之宝”等御用印章。

(2）刘墉等朝廷重臣曾为部分画作题赞，是清代宫廷绘画的重要遗存。

四、历史价值
1.它不仅是艾启蒙个人艺术成就的巅峰之作，也反映了乾隆时期中西文化交流的深度，以及清王朝与中亚地区的朝贡关系。

2.作为清宫“西法中用”的典型案例，它为研究清代宫廷绘画的转型提供了珍贵实物。#八骏图 #宫廷名马图 #历史文物探秘 #南京博物院

小雪悠悠

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      1. CONNECT:[ UseTime:0.000478s ] mysql:host=127.0.0.1;port=3306;dbname=b460;charset=utf8mb4
      2. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `fenlei` [ RunTime:0.000715s ]
      3. SELECT * FROM `fenlei` WHERE `fid` = 0 [ RunTime:0.000303s ]
      4. SELECT * FROM `fenlei` WHERE `fid` = 63 [ RunTime:0.000305s ]
      5. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `set` [ RunTime:0.000611s ]
      6. SELECT * FROM `set` [ RunTime:0.003282s ]
      7. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `article` [ RunTime:0.000700s ]
      8. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` = 492768 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.002282s ]
      9. UPDATE `article` SET `lasttime` = 1777606617 WHERE `id` = 492768 [ RunTime:0.009537s ]
      10. SELECT * FROM `fenlei` WHERE `id` = 65 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.010357s ]
      11. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` < 492768 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000750s ]
      12. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` > 492768 ORDER BY `id` ASC LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.005560s ]
      13. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` < 492768 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 10 [ RunTime:0.005235s ]
      14. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` < 492768 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 10,10 [ RunTime:0.014999s ]
      15. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` < 492768 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 20,10 [ RunTime:0.003407s ]
      0.165602s