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南京六朝博物馆木屐

  • 2026-08-08 13:59:54
南京六朝博物馆木屐
大家总会有这样的印象：日本人是穿着和服，踩着木屐，走着小碎步的。事实上，木屐的起源地在中国，有着明确的中国文化属性。
这里展示的是南京六朝博物馆收藏的木屐，这批木屐出土于南京老门西颜料坊六朝遗址，共出土十余件东晋、南朝木屐，是国内同类文物最重大的考古发现。
深埋地下的密闭无氧环境让这批木屐千年不腐，形制完整清晰。

形制区分（男方女圆）

  1. 男士方头屐：鞋为长方形，底部有两枚木齿，抬高足底，适合泥泞潮湿路面；板面钻有小孔，用来穿绳绑住脚掌。
  2. 女士圆头屐：鞋为修长椭圆形，整体更小巧，是六朝女性日常、踏青穿搭。
  3. 木屐板面预留3穿孔，用丝麻绳穿过孔洞缠绕脚掌系结。

实用与时代背景

  1. 地域刚需：南京地处江南，多雨潮湿，街巷泥泞，木屐带双齿，耐磨隔湿，居家、出行、踏青都能穿，是六朝全民通用鞋。
  2. 文化传播：这种 “男方女圆” 木屐形制后来东传日本，如今日式木屐仍保留这套源自六朝的设计传统。
男士木屐上大拇脚趾头处有随形凹痕，应该是穿着的痕迹，浓浓的生活气息扑面而来。彼时，不光是平民百姓穿木屐，贵族士大夫也爱木屐。
肥水之战，东晋丞相谢安派侄子谢玄领兵8万迎战前秦百万大军，以少胜多，收到捷报时，他正与人下围棋，客人问情况，他强作镇静地说，“小儿辈已破贼”。等他下完棋回到内屋，内心的狂喜终于是按捺不住，过门槛的时候脚下不知轻重，木屐的齿都折断了，自己都不知道。
书上是这么写的，即罢，还内，过户限，心甚喜，不觉屐齿之折（形容人外表强装镇定，实则内心波澜起伏）。
“脚着谢公屐，身登青云梯。”是李白在《梦游天姥吟留别》中留下的名句，谢公屐就是南朝著名诗人谢灵运的发明。
他喜爱爬山运动，对木屐情有独钟，为便于上山下山，发明了可以随时拆装前后两个屐齿的活齿木屐，上山时拆除前齿留后齿，下山时拆除后齿留前齿，这样能够更好地保持平衡，也会更省力气。
南宋诗人叶绍翁《游园不值》里名句：春色满园关不住，一枝红杏出墙来。人人知晓。其实头两句是：应怜屐齿印苍苔，小扣柴扉久不开。
孔子也曾经踩着木屐周游列国，木屐陪伴我们的先贤，见证过风雨，也见证过泥泞，它哒哒的声音，就是历史的回响。
本文来自网友投稿或网络内容，如有侵犯您的权益请联系我们删除，联系邮箱：wyl860211@qq.com 。

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