本研究开发了一种通过氮配位锚定在碳基质上的双金属Fe-Co单原子催化剂(Fe-Co-NC)。选择 Fe 和 Co 双位点不仅是因为它们已得到充分证实的互补氧化还原特性(Co3+/Co2+ 和 Fe3+/Fe2+),这些特性有助于协同 PMS 活化,还因为 Fe-Co 对相比其他过渡金属组合具有公认的卓越催化性能 [18]。采用氮掺杂碳基质,通过强M-N键稳定原子分散,并优化金属位点的电子结构,以增强PMS的活化[19]。首先对催化剂进行了表征,以确认其单原子分散性和配位结构。随后通过化学淬灭实验、电子顺磁共振(EPR)光谱和电化学分析,研究了水相中聚乙烯醇(PE)氧化反应的降解动力学及所涉及的活性物种。为阐明单原子位点的作用,考察了催化剂的结构演变,并将其与密度泛函理论(DFT)计算结果进行了关联。此外,利用具有不同氧化还原电位的多种有机污染物,评估了Fe-Co-NC/PMS体系的普适性和选择性氧化行为。最后,通过修复来自中国五个代表性地区的PHE污染土壤,验证了该体系的环境适应性。本研究深入阐明了Fe-Co双原子催化剂内部的功能互补性,并证实了其在水土综合修复中的应用潜力。

Fig. 1. (a) TEM image of the Fe-Co-NC catalyst and (b-f) the corresponding elemental mapping images for C, N, O, Fe, and Co.
Fig. 2. Normalized (a) Fe K-edge XANES spectra and (b) Co K-edge XANES spectra of Fe-Co-NC and reference samples. Fourier-transform EXAFS spectra (k3-weighted, magnitude) and corresponding fitting curves for the (c) Fe K-edge and (d) Co K-edge of Fe-Co-NC. (e) Wavelet transform analysis of the Fe and Co K-edge EXAFS spectra for Fe foil, FeO, FePc, Fe-Co-NC (Fe), Co foil, CoO, CoPc, and Fe-Co-NC (Co).
Fig. 3. (a) Elimination profiles of PE under different systems. Effects of (b) PMS concentration, (c) catalyst dosage, and (d) initial pH on PE degradation. Experimental conditions: [PE]0 = 20 mg L–1, [PMS]0 = 2 mM, [catalyst] = 0.1 g L–1, [reaction pH] = 7.1.
Fig. 4. (a) Effects of methanol (MeOH) and tert-butanol (TBA) on PE degradation in the Fe-Co-NC/PMS system. EPR spectra with (b) 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidinol (TEMP) and (c) 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide (DMPO) as spin traps. (d) PMSO decomposition and PMSO2 formation in different systems. (e) I-t curves and (f) open-circuit potential of different systems. (g) Schematic of the GOP device and its corresponding (h) real-time current response, (i) PMS decomposition, and PE degradation profiles. Experimental conditions: [PE]0 = 20 mg L–1, [PMS]0 = 2 mM, [catalyst] = 0.1 g L–1, [reaction pH] = 7.1.
Fig. 5. Characterization spectra of the Fe-Co-NC catalyst before and after the reaction: (a) Raman spectra, (b) O 1 s XPS spectra, (c) Fe 2p XPS spectra, and (d) Co 2p XPS spectra. (e) PMS consumption and the corresponding open-circuit potentials of the catalyst/PMS complexes in the four different oxidation systems. (f) Adsorption energy of PMS on the carbon matrix, Fe-NC, and Co-NC catalysts, and the corresponding O–O bond length. (g) Charge density difference (yellow: accumulation; blue: depletion), and quantitative electron-transfer from Bader charge analysis for PMS adsorbed on carbon matrix, Fe-NC, and Co-NC. (h-k) Calculated density of states (DOS) for carbon matrix, Fe-NC, Co-NC, and Fe-Co-NC (Fermi level was set at 0 eV). (i) Nyquist plots of NC, Fe-NC, Co-NC, and Fe-Co-NC.本研究提出了一种具有原子M-N4构型的Fe-Co双原子催化剂(Fe-Co-NC),用于高效活化PMS。该催化剂在水溶液中降解PE以及在各种土壤基质中降解PHE方面表现出卓越的效能。其性能主要由电子转移途径驱动,而SO4•–则起辅助作用。该机制基于污染物的φ1/2值展现出显著的选择性。φ1/2值较低(0.235–0.987 V)的化合物主要通过电子转移途径降解,而φ1/2值较高(1.076–1.369 V)的化合物则主要经由SO4•–进行氧化。更重要的是,这些发现阐明了一种超越传统电子循环的协同机制,揭示了Fe-N4位点与Co-N4位点之间的功能互补性。具体而言,Fe-N4位点是PMS高效吸附和活化的主要位点,而Co-N4位点则通过促进碳基质的石墨化来增强电子转移过程。总而言之,本研究提出了一种用于综合环境修复的高效双原子催化剂,并揭示了一种功能互补机制,为双金属单原子催化剂的理性设计提供了指导。
Jing Dai, Aonan Chu, Ziyue Li, Jing Wan, Yujun Wang, Hongbiao Cui, Guodong Fang, Synergistic Fe-N4 and Co-N4 sites in a Fe-Co dual-atom catalyst driving efficient peroxymonosulfate activation, Applied Catalysis B: Environment and Energy, 2026, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apcatb.2026.126528
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